Category Archives: water-borne bacteria

Kyoto Box: solar cooker can boil 10 liters of water in 2 hours

The Kyoto Box, a solar cooker which retails for €15 (about $20 USD) can boil 10 liters (2.64 gallons) of water in 2 hours.

So apart from its primary uses – cooking and water purification – it can probably be pressed into service to sterilize medical instruments.

The manufacturer, Kyoto-Energy, has offices in Indonesia, South Africa, and headquarters in Kenya, which suggests local production.

According to the WHO, 1.6 million people die worldwide annually from gases produced by indoor cooking.  ((More than half of the world’s population rely on dung, wood, crop waste or coal to meet their most basic energy needs. Cooking and heating with such solid fuels on open fires or stoves without chimneys leads to indoor air pollution. This indoor smoke contains a range of health-damaging pollutants including small soot or dust particles that are able to penetrate deep into the lungs. In poorly ventilated dwellings, indoor smoke can exceed acceptable levels for small particles in outdoor air 100-fold. Exposure is particularly high among women and children, who spend the most time near the domestic hearth. Every year, indoor air pollution is responsible for the death of 1.6 million people – that’s one death every 20 seconds.  Source: WHO Fact Sheet, “Indoor Air Pollution and Health, ” dated June 2005. ))

The Kyoto Box, then, has a number of virtues:

  • no scale requirements; because they’re entirely autonomous, one or one million in use will have an effect;
  • reduction of indoor air pollution deaths; and used in scale, a reduction in outdoor

    air pollution as well;

  • reduction of water-borne diseases via water purification, and food-borne diseases via cooking;
  • lowering of energy costs;
  • where wood is used for fuel, a reduction of deforestation, with the long-term effects of mitigating flood risk and increasing the availability of lumber and tree shade


Cholera in Iraq

In mid-2003, the World Health organization reported on cholera in Iraq:

rom 28 April to 4 June 2003, a total of 73 laboratory-confirmed cholera cases have been reported in Iraq : 68 in Basra governorate, 4 in Missan governorate, 1 in Muthana governorate. No deaths have been reported.

From 17 May to 4 June 2003, the daily surveillance system of diarrhoeal disease cases in the four main hospitals of Basra reported a total of 1549 cases of acute watery diarrhea. Among these cases, 25.6 % occurred in patients aged 5 years and above.

Link.

Continue reading →

CDC reports spike in deaths from amoeba in lakes and streams

According to Chris Kahn, of the Associated Press, (Yahoo! News article here):

A killer amoeba living in lakes enters the body through the nose and attacks the brain where it feeds until you die.
Even though encounters with the microscopic bug are extraordinarily rare, it’s killed six boys and young men this year. The spike in cases has health officials concerned, and they are predicting more cases in the future.

“This is definitely something we need to track,” said Michael Beach, a specialist in recreational waterborne illnesses for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

“This is a heat-loving amoeba. As water temperatures go up, it does better,” Beach said. “In future decades, as temperatures rise, we’d expect to see more cases.”

According to the CDC, the amoeba called Naegleria fowleri (nuh-GLEER-ee-uh FOWL’-erh-eye) killed 23 people in the United States, from 1995 to 2004. This year health officials noticed a spike with six cases — three in Florida, two in Texas and one in Arizona. The CDC knows of only several hundred cases worldwide since its discovery in Australia in the 1960s.

Continue reading →